The hydrosphere and its dynamics

Hydrosphere hydrosphere or described in the Earth Science material system consisting of the water is low, and on the surface of the Earth.

The water that forms the hydrosphere is divided among several compartments in order from largest to smallest volume are:

· The oceans, which cover two thirds of the Earth's surface with a typical depth of 3000 to 5000 meters.

· The glaciers that cover part of the land surface. Particularly the two ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica, but mountain glaciers and volcano, smaller in size and thickness at all latitudes.

· Surface runoff, a very dynamic system formed by rivers and lakes.

· Groundwater, which is embedded in porous rock more or less universal.

· In the atmosphere as clouds.

· In the biosphere, as part of plants, animals and humans.

Dynamics of the hydrosphere

Internal cycle: The water comes from the mantle by volcanism at mid-ocean, a fraction of the sea water enters the ocean crust and becomes inserted into subduction zones and part is reinjected into the mantle. The amount of water reintroduced into the mantle to compensate exiting the ridges.

External cycle: It is the cyclical movement of water through evaporation ascending descending by precipitation and runoff.

The amount of evaporated ocean water is greater than that received by rainfall. The opposite occurs on the continents, the precipitated amount is greater than the evaporated on the continents, this excess is returned to the oceans via stormwater runoff on the topography of the area.